Ka ri Khasi ka don ïa ka History kaba khraw lada ngi puson janai bad tih jylliew ïa ka khanasmari jong ka synshar ka khadar ha kaba u nongthoh u nud ban ong ba naduh ba la sngewthuh paidbah ïa ka kyntien Politics bad Democracy ha kylleng ka pyrthei ka synshar paidbah kaba hok bad shisha (True Democracy) ka dei kaba la hikai nyngkong nyngshap eh da u Khasi. Hadien ba ka synshar Khasi ka la ïa tyngkhuh bad ka bor synshar Bilat (British Crown) ka British Government ka la kurup katto katne tylli ki jaka (areas) kaba la tip kum ka British Areas. Haba ka jingïaleh laitluid jong ka ri India ka la thnam bad jur bha ka sorkar British kam banse ban pynbna bad ai laitluid noh ïa ka khlem pyntud ha ka 15th August 1947.Hadien kane ka jingioh laitluid ki Syiem Khasi hapoh ka lama jong ka Synjuk Lang ki Hima Khasi (Federation of Khasi States) ki la ïaleh dohiap bad ïa khun tyngeh da bun ki buit ki lad da kumno ban wanrah ia ka ri Khasi hapoh ka jingsynshar da lade kaba laitluid hynrei ka Bharat India da ka jingthmu ban pynhiar ïa la ka thapniang jong ka synshar khadar namarkata da ka buit poh bad da ka bor ki la phah soi jubor ïa ki Syiem Khasi bapli ïa ka Dulir ïasoh India (Instrument of Accession) kata ka long ba ïa ki jaka Khasi la dei ban pynïasoh sha ka Indian Dominion khlem ka mon u Syiem u Kmie ryngkat bad ki khun ki hajar.
Haba ka India ka la ioh ïa la ka jinglaitluid ki nongïalam India lyngba ka Constituent Assembly ki la pynkhreh ïa ka Riti Trei kam (Constitution) jong ka India kaba la shim por ban pynlong kitab ïa ka kumba 2 snem 11 bnai bad 18 sngi.Hapoh kane ka Constitution la pynrung bad pynhap ïa ka Ri Khasi ha ka Sixth Schedule bad lyngba kane ka bynta la suit la shor ïa ka District Council bad dei ha ka la pynkup bor ruh ba kan peit halor ka synshar bad ka bishar.
Ban ïa sngewthuh kham bha shuh shuh halor ka mat phang ngi dei ban ïa tip shuwa ïa ki jaka ba la phiah ïa ka ri Khasi kata : Ka KHASI STATES kaba kynthup ïa ki jaka kiba hap hapoh ka jingsynshar jong ki Syiem bad ka KHASI JAINTIA HILLS DISTRICT kaba kynthup ïa ki jaka kiba la tip kum ki British Territory.Kumta ïa kitei baroh artylli ki bynta la pynhap hapoh ka jingsynshar District Council ha ka kyrteng UNITED KHASI JAINTIA HILL DISTRICT COUNCIL.Ha kaba ïa dei pat bad ka Shillong (kaba la pynkdup sha ka synshar Municipal katkum ka Bengal Municipal Act 1876) la phiah ha ki ar bynta kata ka NORMAL SHILLONG (Non-Tribal Area) kaba kynthup ïa ki jaka :Jailroad, Police Bazaar bad European Ward bad ka SHILLONG ADMINISTERED AREA (Tribal Areas) kaba kynthup ïa ki jaka: Mawkhar, Jaiaw, Laban, Laitumkhrah, Malki, Mawprem bad kiwei pat ki jaka Sor kiba hap hapoh ka Hima Mylliem.Haba ki Syiem ka Hima Mylliem kum u Hain Manik Syiem bad u Ron Singh Syiem ki la ïa soi ïa ka Dulir (Agreement) ha u snem 1878 bad 1913 ban pynhap noh ïa kitei ki jaka sha ka Municipal Administration hynrei katkum ka jingïatainia ha ka Draft Constitution jong ka ri India halor kiba kum kino ki shnong/kyntoit/jaka jong ka sor Shillong ki ban hap sha ka Tribal Area ne ki jaka Trai ri bad dei u Dr. Ambedkar uba la wanrah ïa ka Amendment ba kito ki shnong/kyntoit/jaka kiba hap hapoh ka Hima Mylliem kin dei ki jaka Tribal Area ne ki jaka Trai ri (katkum ka jingkdew jong ka Para 20 sub-para (2) jong ka 6th Schedule).Te dei namar katei ka daw ba ngi sa ioh ïa ki MDC ha kitei ki jaka ki ban mihkhmat sha ka District Council kat haduh mynta ki sngi.
Ia ka Sixth Schedule la thmu ba lyngba ka jingsynshar District Council yn aiti ha ka, ba kan thaw ïa ki aiñ ki kanun ba kan peit ïa ka synshar ka bishar bad ruh ban wanrah ïa ka roi ka par bad khamtam eh kumno ban pynneh pynsah ïa ki Riti ki Dustur jong ki Trai Muluk Trai jaka.Kumba u Khasi u la don ïa la ka rukom synshar Bishar ha ki syrtap kum ka synshar shnong Raid, Elaka bad Hima ha kaba ki khlieh nongsynshar kim lah ban leh bor ne rai sop sop ïa kano kano ka bynta khlem ka rai da ka Dorbar ha kaba u khun u hajar u long shibynta na ka.Namarkata la khmih lynti ba ka District Council jong ka Schedule kaba hynriew kan trei kam ha ka dur kum ka nongri nongsumar ïa ka hok longtrai jong u trai muluk trai jaka khamtam eh ha ka jinglong trai ïa ka rukom ka riti bat khyndew bat shyiap u Khasi.
Nangta haba ngi phai sha ka Panchayati Raj kaba la wan long doh long snam na ka Part IV, Directive Principal of State Policy, Article 40 jong ka Indian Constitution kaba la bthah ïa ka sorkar jylla ba kan thaw ïa ka Village Panchayat (Synshar shnong) bad ai ruh ha ka ïa bor bad ka iktiar ba kan pyntrei kam kum ka sorkar synshar lade ne ka Local Self Government.Ia ka Panchayats hap ban oh dur katkum ka pyrkhat bad ka hikai synshar India (Indian Democratic Context).Ka Panchayats (Panchayati Raj) ka la ioh ïa la ka jong ka bynta ha ka Indian Constitution katkum ka Part IX lyngba ka 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act 1992 kaba kren shaphang jong ka naduh ka Article 243 haduh Article 243-0.Ynnai ïa kren ïa kawei pa kawei ka Article jong katei haneng hynrei ngin ïa poi beit sha ka sohpdung jong ka phang kren.Ka Article 243 –G ka kren halor ka Power, Authority and Responsibility of Panchayats bad katkum ka Clause (b) ka batai halor ka jingpyntrei kam ïa ki Schemes na ka bynta ka jingpynbha ïa ka ioh ka kot bad ka imlang ka sahlang ba la pynkhamti ha ka Panchayat kaba kynthup ruh ïa ki bynta jong ki subjects kiba la pruid dak ha ka Eleventh Schedule.Ka Article 243-M Part not to apply to certain areas- ka mut ba ïa ka Panchayat yn ym kynthup ïa ki katto katne tylli ki jaka bad ka clause 2(a) ka thew ïa ki jaka ne ki jylla kiba hap ha ka Tribal areas katkum ka jingpyni dak ha ka clause (2) jong ka Article 244.
Mynta ngin ïa phai khyndiat shaphang ka Eleventh Schedule jong ka Indian Constitution tang ban shu ïa tah mluh ha kane ka jingthoh lyngkot.Ka Eleventh Schedule ka don 29 tylli ki Subjects kiba la thoh la pruid na ka bynta ki kam pynroi kum:Ka Rep ka Riang (Agriculture) ka khyndew ka shyiap (land improvement & Reforms) ki Kam karkhana (Industries like small scale, khadi, village and cottage) ka Umbam umdih (Drinking Water) ka lynti synkien (Road bridge, waterways etc) ka Bording (Electricity) ka Pule puthi (Education) ka jingpynkhlaiñ ïa ka Iew ka hat (Markets & Fairs) ka koit ka khiah (Health & Hospital) ka jingkyntiew ïa ki kynthei ki khynnah (Women & Child Development) bad kiwei kiwei.Ia kitei ki subjects la bynshet ha ka Panchayats katkum ba la aiti ha ka ïa ka bor ka iktiar bad ka jingkitkhlieh kumno ban saiñdur bad ban pyntreikam ïa ki na ka bynta ka jingbha bad ka jingmyntoi jong ki paid nongshong shnong katkum ba la kdew ha ka Article 243-G.
Kaba kham kongsan eh ba ngin ïa puson jylliew ka dei halor ka ‘Recommendation of National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution’ ïa kaba ka sorkar India ka la thung ia ka National Commission hapoh ka jinglamphang jong u Sahep Bishar M.N.Venkatachaliah (former Chief Justice of India) na ka bynta ka jingbishar bniah halor ka jingpyntreikam ryntih ïa ka Riti Trei kam (Constitution) jong ka ri India.Ia ka kaiphot la aiti sha ka sorkar India ha ka 31-03-2002.Ka Chapter 9 jong ka kaiphot ka kren shaphang ka jingsambynta bad ka jingaiti ïa ka bor synshar na ka Central Government sha ka Local Government (decentralization and devolution of powers) bad ka Part D jong katei ka lynnong ka kren shai halor ka synshar ha North Eastern Region jong ka ri India katkum ba la pruid dak ha ka Sixth Schedule.Ka Commission ha ka kaiphot jong ka ka la pashat ïa ki jingaibuit halor ban ithuh ïa ka jingpyntreikam (Recommendation) kiba long kumne (i) Ba ïa ki subjects kiba la kdew ha ka Eleventh Schedule jong ka Indian Constitution ka long ba sha ki jaka ri thor la pynkupbor ha ki Panchayats ban pyntrei ïa kitei ki subjects. Hynrei sha ki jaka ri lum jong ka shatei Lam mihngi (NER) yn pynkhamti bad pynkupbor sha ki Autonomous District Council jong ka Sixth Schedule ban pyntyllun ïa ki thup kiba ksoh ha ka Eleventh Schedule. (ii) Ka jingpyntreikam ïa ki Central Funded Projects dei ban pynkhamti bad bynshet sha ki Autonomous District Council ha ryngkat bad ka jingbishar bniah ïa ki jinglut jingset (Audit) da ka CAG.Na katei ka Commission ngi lah ban sngewthuh ba ka District Council ka don ki kamram kiba khia bad ka jingkit khlieh kaba khraw ba ka dei ban pyndep na ka bynta ka jingmyntoi jong u paidbah.Namarkata, lada ka sorkar India ka kwah shisha ban kyntiew bad pynkhlaiñ ïa ngi ki Ri lum kiba long ki trai Muluk trai jaka ka dei ban pdiang bad mynjur ïa ka kaiphot ba la wanrah da ka National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution.Ym tang katta ka sorkar Kmie ka dei ruh ban kham ai bor bad ai laitluid ïa ka Autonomous District Council ba kin trei kam ryngkat bad ki bor synshar shnong.
Namarkata lada ngi bishar bniah bad jylliew ngi ioh ïa ka nia ka jutang ba ha ka Ri Khasi (Meghalaya) yn ym don Panchayats ne ngim donkam hi ruh ïa ka, kumba la pynksan ha ka Article 243-M.U Khasi kumba ngi tip ba u la saiñdur lypa ïa la ki jong ki rukom synshar (Indigenous Institution) bad nangta ngi ioh sa ïa kawei pat ka bor synshar ka ban peit tympang na ka bynta ka jingmyntoi ban ïada bad pynim ïa u Khun Ka Mei Pun Mei kha (son of the Mother Land) kata ka District Council lyngba ka Shedulk kaba hynriew. Nangta ngi lah ruh ban ong ba ka jylla Meghalaya 99.9% dei ki jaka kiba hap ha ka bor synshar ki District Council.Te dei na katei ka daw ba ka National Commission ha ka kaiphot haor ka jingbishar bniah ïa ka jingpyntreikam ryntih ïa ka Constitution, ba ka la wanrah ïa ka Recommendation ban ithuh bad ai bor ïa ki Autonomous District Council ba kin skim ka jingkitkhlieh ban pyntreikam jaidbynriew ngim dei ban shah pynbiej ha ki Scheme Pynroi kum ka JNNURM lyngba ka synshar Municipal ne ki Scheme lyngba ka Panchayats kiba lah ban ktah bad pynduh bor ïa ka SYNSHAR U KHASI.Hynrei ngin pdiang tang ïa ki kam pynroi kiba wan lyngba ka synshar Dorbar u Khasi (Shnong, Raid Elaka bad Hima).
Ka kamram kam pat kut mynta kaba sah ka long da kumno ngin pynlong doh long snam ïa katei ka Recommendation ba la kdew sha khmat khnang ba ki District Council kin lah ban pyntrei kam katkum ka jingaibuit jong ka Commission.Namarkata, ka jaidbynriew ka kyrsiew thiah ïa ki MDC ba kin bud dien ïa katei ka Recommendation bad ka kyntu ruh ïa ka sorkar Jylla bad pynbor ïa ka sorkar Kmie ba kan mynjur ïa ka kaiphot ba la wanrah da ka National Commission.Kyntang ïa wai ka snam u Khasi ka khot –ka pyrta ïa kito kiba don ka iktiar ha ka bor synshar ba kin don nyngkong eh ka jingsngew ba ki dei u KHASI khnang ba kin lah ban pynkhlaiñ pat ïa ka jaidbynriew kaba la sdang tlor bad lip rong.
Da u Bah S.Shemborlang Rynjah
